By AZoM.com Staff Writers
Topics Covered Introduction
Cosmetics are substances used to enhance the appearance of the human body. The use of such products, particularly for hair treatment, has gained significant importance over the last few years. The demand for enhanced formulations together with the complexity of the hair structure has translated into a competitive industry for hair care products.
Hair Treatments
To this end, a better understanding and control of various hair treatments such as bleaching or coloring, application of shampoo and conditioner, etc. is gaining considerable importance. In addition to the different behavior of virgin hair such as Caucasian or Asian, different levels of acceptance of hair care products pose a complex problem to cosmeticians because bleaching can permanently modify the hair structure.
Streaming Potential
Streaming potential (zeta potential) measurements reveal the changes of the hair surface caused by the bleaching agents and correspond with the degree of bleaching (Figure 1). The high negative streaming potential for virgin hair signifies the hydrophobic property of the natural hair surface that is untreated. Figure 2 shows a smooth hair follicle.
Upon bleaching, changes are seen in both the hair surface and the hair structure. With increasing degree of bleaching, the structure of the natural hair is damaged through breaking of the cystine's R-S-S-R 1 bonds and oxidation of the residual sulfide groups. Water enters into the more open and hydrophilic bleached hair structure, which accounts for the decrease of the negative streaming potential.
Conclusion
A better understanding of the streaming potential of bleached hair is the basis for assessing ensuing hair treatment by different hair care products. This knowledge will also help in optimizing cosmetic products.
About Anton Paar USA
Anton Paar produces high-quality measuring and analysis instruments for industrial and research applications. In the fields of density and concentration measurement it is the established world leader. Its product portfolio also includes viscometers, rheometers, polarimeters and refractometers; and instruments for X-ray structure analysis, microwave synthesis and microwave decomposition.
Throughout more than eighty-five successful years, the innovative spirit of Anton Paar's employees and their commitment to quality have been the driving forces behind the company. Openness to the requirements of customers and attention to developments in markets are the basis for new product ideas. Anton Paar's strong R&D department and its partnerships with external research institutes turn these ideas into instruments at the cutting edge of technology.
This information has been sourced, reviewed and adapted from materials provided by Anton Paar USA.
For more information on this source, please visit Anton Paar USA.
Date Added: Jun 19, 2014 | Updated: Jun 25, 2014
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